462: Graduate Section of International Relations of East Asia (Also EAS 462 & POL 462)
Thomas Christensen

Syllabus
This course will concentrate on the Cold War and post Cold War international relations of East Asia. In the first two weeks we will cover general theoretical approaches to international relations and a brief historical backdrop of Western and Japanese imperialism in the region. In the following weeks, we will discuss the interaction between changes in the broader international system and changes in international relations in the East Asian region. The course will finish with discussion of implications of events and trends since the end of the Cold War.

501: The Politics of Public Policy (MPAs Only)
Charles Cameron, Robert Hutchings & Grigore Pop-Eleches

Syllabus
Analysis of political forces that influence the policy making process, with an emphasis on the political implications of policy decisions. Examples are drawn from international and U.S. cases. Special attention is given to writing skills as they apply to the roles of advisers and decision makers in public sector organizations. This course is open only to first-year MPA students. 

507b: Quantitative Analysis: Basic
Sam Schulhofer-Wohl

Syllabus
Study of basic data analysis techniques, stressing application to public policy. Includes measurement, descriptive statistics, data collection, probability, exploratory data analysis, hypothesis testing, simple and multiple regression, correlation, and graphical procedures. Some training offered in the use of computers. No previous training in statistics is required. Assumes a fluency in high school algebra and familiarity with basic calculus concepts.

507c: Quantitative Analysis: Advanced
Taryn Dinkelman

Syllabus
Study of basic data analysis techniques, stressing application to public policy. Includes measurement, descriptive statistics, data collection, probability, exploratory data analysis, hypothesis testing, simple and multiple regression, correlation, and graphical procedures. Some training offered in the use of computers. No previous training in statistics is required. Assumes a fluency in high school algebra and familiarity with basic calculus concepts.

509: Generalized Linear Statistical Models (Also ECO509)
German Rodriguez

Syllabus
Focuses primarily on the analysis of survey data using generalized linear statistical models. The course starts with a review of linear models for continuous responses and then proceeds to consider logistic regression models for binary data, log-linear models for count data-including rates and contingency tables and hazard models for duration data. Attention is paid to the logical and mathematical foundations of the techniques, but the main emphasis is on the applications, including computer usage. Assumes prior exposure to statistics at the level 507c or higher and familiarity with matrix algebra and calculus. Prerequisite: 507c.

511b: Microeconomic Analysis: Basic
Christina Paxson

Syllabus
Courses 511 and 512 provide systematic exposition of principles and techniques of economic theory that are most useful in analyzing economic aspects of public affairs. The courses are divided into separate sections according to a student's previous experience with economics and the student's level of mathematical sophistication. The basic level assumes a fluency in high-school algebra and a basic knowledge of calculus concepts, while the advanced level assumes a fluency in calculus and some previous exposure to economics.

511c: Microeconomic Analysis: Advanced
Jan De Loecker

Syllabus
This course is an introduction to the use of microeconomics for the analysis of public policy on an advanced level. The emphasis is on both the intuitive and formal logic of economic principles, a deeper perspective on the impacts of typical policy measures, and an introduction to the use of professional microeconomic tools to assess and weigh these policy impacts. One goal is to move students towards the ability to read professional microeconomic literature with appreciation of both its contributions and foibles. A working knowledge of basic calculus and ease with algebraic manipulation are prerequisites of the course.

511d: Microeconomic Analysis: Accelerated
Amy Craft

Syllabus
Courses 511 and 512 provide systematic exposition of principles and techniques of economic theory that are most useful in analyzing economic aspects of public affairs. The courses are divided into separate sections according to a student's previous experience with economics and the student's level of mathematical sophistication. The basic level assumes a fluency in high-school algebra and a basic knowledge of calculus concepts, while the advanced level assumes a fluency in calculus and some previous exposure to economics. Section "d" moves through the materials at an accelerated rate. 

515b: Program and Policy Evaluation
Jean Grossman

Syllabus
This course introduces students to evaluation. It explores ways: to develop and implement research-based program improvement strategies and program accountability systems; to judge the effects of policies and programs; and to assess the benefits and costs of policy or program changes. Students study a wide range of evaluation tools; read and discuss both domestic and international evaluation examples and apply this knowledge by designing several different types of evaluations on programs of their choosing. Prerequisite: 507b/c or instructor's permission. 

515c: Program & Policy Evaluation (C-Track)
D. Peikes, A. Rangarajan, C. Trenholm

Syllabus
This course introduces students to evaluation using more advanced quantitative techniques than are covered in 515b. It explores ways: to develop and implement research-based program improvement strategies and program accountability systems; to judge the effects of policies and programs; and to assess the benefits and costs of policy or program changes. Students study a wide range of evaluation tools; read and discuss both domestic and international evaluation examples and apply this knowledge by designing several different types of evaluations on programs of their choosing. Students also apply these tools empirically with Stata, using data from several large-scale impact evaluations. Prerequisites: 507c & 508c or instructor's permission.

519a/519b: Negotiation, Persuasion and Social Influence: Theory and Practice (Also PSY528)
Frank Vargas

Syllabus
This course examines the principles of negotiation in organizational settings and provides firsthand experience in simulated negotiations. Theoretical and empirical research on the variables that affect success in negotiations are discussed. The students engage in a series of bargaining exercises between individuals and teams. The results of these exercises are analyzed in detail by the class. 

521: Domestic Politics
R. Douglas Arnold

Syllabus
An introduction to the political analysis of policymaking in the American setting. Includes theoretical and empirical analyses of political institutions, including executives, legislatures, and bureaucracies. Also examines the political environment in which these institutions operate, with special attention to the role of public opinion, interest groups, and elections.
 

523: Legal and Regulatory Policy Towards Markets 
Robert Willig

Syllabus
This course employs the methods of microeconomics, industrial organization and law and economics to study circumstances where market failures warrant government intervention with policies implemented through the law or regulatory agencies. Topics include antitrust policy toward business practices and vertical and horizontal combinations; policy approaches toward R&D and intellectual property; reliance on tort law, disclosure law, and regulatory standards to mitigate information and externality problems pertaining to health, safety, and performance risks; and the implications for pricing, entry, and investment of different forms of public utility regulation, with examples drawn from energy, telecommunications, and transportation sectors. Prerequisite: 511c

524: Advanced Macroeconomics: Domestic Policy Issues
Alan Blinder

Syllabus
An extension of 512c, the course covers specific topics such as economic growth, political institutions and policy choices, the welfare state and redistribution, unemployment, regulation and corruption, the behavior of asset markets, the economics of happiness, monetary policy, the budget and state of the US economy. A central aim of the course is to show how modern theoretical and quantitative methods can be useful in analyzing important macroeconomic policy issues. Prerequisite: 512c.
 

527a: Domestic Policy Analysis: Transportation (Also ORF 563)
A. Kornhauser

Syllabus
Studies the transportation sector of the economy from a technology and broad public policy perspective. Focus is on the modeling and methodologies that underpin the policy formulation, capital and operations planning, and real-time operational decision making within the transportation industry. With shifting national priorities, the Federal role in transportation is changing significantly. The shift towards privatization caused market forces to play a much bigger role in the transportation sector. Radical concepts such as "value" pricing, private toll roads and for-profit mass transportation are beginning to be seriously considered as elements of a broad transportation policy. The heightened sensitivity of security creates new challenges. Meanwhile, local issues of traffic congestion, road construction and transportation-related environmental issues are dominant themes of grassroots politics.
 

527b: The Role of Congress in Shaping US Foreign Policy 
James Leach

Syllabus
The course will assess the political and Constitutional framework of foreign policy decision-making and how it has evolved over time.  Within the American system there is perpetual tension between the branches of government, and while in foreign policy the executive is generally preeminent, especially in times of war, there are ebbs and flows in power relationships depending on the personalities of the times and domestic and international circumstances.  Through a review of contemporary regional issues, the course will seek to illuminate the changing dynamics of the legislative-executive relationship in a changing world.

527c: Domestic Policy Analysis: Revitalization of America's Cities
Hugh Price

Syllabus
This seminar will focus on the evolution and revitalization of America’s cities.  It will concentrate on the public policy and real-world dynamics that help explain the origins, fortunes and fate of cities.  In this seminar we will examine the lifecycle of cities and their neighborhoods, the forces that drove their decline, the policies and players that have spearheaded their revival, the reasons why some communities have yet to recover, the public policy conflicts and community tensions that arise when revitalization and gentrification get traction, and the potentially transformative impact of the recent economic meltdown.
 

527d: Great Leadership in Historical Perspective
Julian Zelizer

Syllabus
What attributes are associated with the most effective leaders in American politics? What strategies do they employ? This course will use the lens of history to evaluate why some individuals are considered to be among the most effective elected, bureaucratic, and appointed officials in American history. The seminar will begin by evaluating social scientific models of leadership and then delve into the historical record to discover any consistent patterns that are relevant for today. Careful consideration will be given to the distinct challenges posed by different institutional settings. We will read about a wide range of influential leaders including, among others, Gifford Pinchot at the Department of Agriculture, Lyndon Johnson in the Senate, Wilbur Cohen at the Social Security Administration and George Schultz as Secretary of State. 

527f: Domestic Policy Analysis: Race, Housing and Public Policy
Jeannine Bell

Syllabus
This course will explore the intersection of race, housing, and public policy.  After a brief examination of the topic of racial formation, the course will address racialized interactions in several different U.S. cities and suburbs in different geographic areas of the country.  In several time periods, from WWI until the contemporary period, we will consider the challenges of balancing notions of private property rights and neighborhood control with the ideal of racial housing integration.  The course will also evaluate the underpinnings of important aspects of property law that influence U.S. housing policy.

533: Planning Theory and Process (Also ARC535)
S. Angel

Syllabus
Introduction to the theory and practice of planning. Analysis and discussion are devoted to planning models, planning decisions, and alternative planning roles. Focused study of comprehensive and strategic planning, community participation, new urbanism concepts, equity concerns, and planning at local, regional, and state levels.

541: International Politics
John Ikenberry

Syllabus
This course introduces competing theories of international relations and evaluates their explanation of foreign policy decisions and general patterns in international relations over the last century. Broadly covering security policy and international political economy, topics include the causes of war, the role of international organizations to promote cooperation, and the interaction between domestic actors and governments in negotiations on trade and the environment. 

549: National Security Policy
Aaron Friedberg

Syllabus 
Examines the changing meaning of "national security" and the various policies and institutions through which states may seek to enhance it. Emphasis is on the formation and implementation of national security policy by the U.S. government.
 

552: Globalization and Development
Daniella Campello

Syllabus
This is a course in international political economy, designed to provide students with a theoretical and critical understanding of the interaction between globalization and development. We will examine international patterns of trade, debt, aid, investment, and migration, as well as the impacts of these processes on economic and political development. Attention is also devoted to analyzing the role of multilateral institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and WTO, in mediating these impacts and promoting development. The course has a particular focus on less developed nations, and inquires into the normative issues of global justice.
 

555a: Topics in IR: U.S. Policy and Diplomacy in the Middle East since 1945
Daniel Kurtzer

Syllabus
This seminar will examine the political, social, economic and strategic dynamics within The Other Middle East, the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and their primary neighbors, Iraq , Iran , Yemen and India . The seminar will explore the context and complexities of the regional actors, how recent US policies have affected these states and the impact of the Iraq War on the region and on US influence and options. Topics will include the role of religion, the growth of knowledge-based globalized economies, public diplomacy; the history of Saudi-Iranian relations, and the rise of regional actors, particularly Iran and India .
 

555d: Topics in IR: Defense Policy Analysis 
Mike O'Hanlon

Syllabus
This course will cover several types of analytical frameworks for evaluating military issues. Methodologies range from simple quantitative methods for understanding combat to structured use of military history to defense budget calculations to simple assessments of military technology. The course will address seven main topics: terrorism, modern air-ground warfare involving heavy weaponry; infantry combat including guerrilla war, peace enforcement operations, urban warfare, and mountain and jungle warfare; topics in missile battle and missile defense; military transport, supply, and logistics including airlift, sealift, and ground transport as well as amphibious and aerial assault; the effects and military implications of weapons of mass destruction; budgetary and economic issues in defense planning; and military technology and the future of warfare.
 

561: The Comparative Political Economy of Development (Also POL523)
Deborah Yashar

Syllabus
Analysis of political change and the operation of political institutions in the development process, with emphasis on the interaction of political and economic factors. Various definitions and theories of political development are examined and tested against different economic, ethnic, geographic, and social contexts.
 

571a: Topics in Devt: Democratic Change & Authoritarian Resilience 
Mayling Birney

Syllabus
This course will consider various theoretical explanations for democratic change and authoritarian resilience, including economic, socio-political, cultural, historical, and international factors. We will identify different historical patterns, including revolutionary change, gradual democratization, partial democratic evolutions, and authoritarian stability. We will focus on the interaction of these factors, including the possibility that limited democratic reforms may themselves contribute to authoritarian resilience when they buttress regime legitimacy or power. We will explore evidence from cross-national studies and country cases such as Taiwan, China, Mexico, India, Pakistan, South Africa, and Egypt, and we will assess the domestic and international policy implications of such change.

571c: Topics in Devt: Challenges of Infection, Burden and Control
Adel Mahmoud

Syllabus
This course explores the biological, public health and global dimensions of infectious disease. The expanding threat of Infectious disease, whether naturally occurring, emerging or intentional is global, affecting both developing and developed countries. We will analyze the basic features of human-microbe interactions by examining several viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. The emphasis will include biology, burden of illness and domestic and global forces shaping their expanding threat and compromising adequate responses. Details of control strategies including chemotherapy, vaccines and environmental changes will be presented and debated. Attention, also, is devoted to the role of international organizations involved such as WHO, UNICEF, and GAVI as well as the major philanthropies. Active class participation by each student will be a required.

575a: Regional and Country Studies: Chinese Development (Also POL 536)
Lynn White

Syllabus 
Considers policies for political and economic development in China during modern times, especially since 1949. Topics include traditional politics and agriculture, the revolutionary party, land reform and industrial socialization, tax and investment, the campaign method, the army, agricultural and industrial development, policies affecting the status of women, and reforms 'from the top' and 'from the bottom.' Each subject is discussed in terms that allow for comparison with other countries.

581c: Topics in Econ: Energy Economics
Amy Craft

Syllabus 
This course examines the economics behind many issues related to energy use, including the investment and use of renewable and non-renewable resources, energy conservation, deregulation of energy markets, transportation, and energy independence. In addition to lectures on the economics of each of these subtopics, we will discuss current policy options.

584: The Use of Science in Public Policy 
Lee Silver

Syllabus 
This course is designed to improve students' skill, confidence and judgment in use of science in policy applications. Using case studies, real-world examples, and in-class exercises, the emphasis is on preparing both non-scientists and scientists to use, understand, and critique science in environmental policy applications. Exercises and exams are scaled to the student's background.

590a: Economic Perspectives on Inequality (Half-term) (also ECO 581L)
Alicia Adsera

Syllabus
Economics is centrally concerned with models of human capital development, educational attainment, labor market dynamics, unemployment, labor turnover, job duration, wage setting institutions, the role of unions, human capital formation, the relationship between economic status and other aspects of well-being (including health). Economists are essential partners in the behavioral study of preferences and decision making, mobility and redistribution, and the institutions of industrial relations that govern the labor market. Enrollment is currently closed.
 

590d: PsychologicalStudies of Inequality (also PSY590)
John Darley

Syllabus 
Two major areas of psychology make important contributions to the study of social policy and inequality . The first is social psychology, which focuses on inter-group relations, interpersonal perception, stereotyping, racism, aggression, justice and fairness. These are the micro-level building blocks of structural inequalities and processes that are shaped by the larger context of race, ethnic and gender relations. The second domain involves the fields of social-cognition, judgment and decision making , areas of research that study human information processing in a way that is not about individual differences, and often not social. The study of judgment and decision making, particularly in behavioral economics, offers important insights into social policy.

590s: Workshop in Social Policy (CLOSED)
Katherine Newman

Syllabus 
A course required for and limited to students in the Joint Degree program in Social Policy.  Papers drafted in the year-long course WWS 590a,b,c,d must be revised and submitted to the workshop leader by August 20.  Papers will be provided to an expert reader outside of the Princeton faculty, who is invited to join the seminar for sessions devoted to each student paper.  Each student will present his/her own paper and simultaneously contribute written critiques of one another's papers.  By the end of the term, students will be required to submit their papers for publication to a leading journal.

591a: Policy Workshop: Greening Newark 
David Kinsey

Syllabus
Newark, New Jersey seeks a greener and healthier environment for all Newarkers as an essential component of becoming and thriving as a City of Choice. The workshop's assignment is to assist the City's Sustainability Officer in infusing principles of sustainability throughout the City's programs and initiatives, focusing on inventing a sustainability element for Newark's forthcoming new Master Plan and contributing to the City's emerging sustainability action plan. 

591b: Policy Workshop: Waste Management 
Candace Chandra

Syllabus
The Waste Management workshop will focus on three components: 1) the science of contaminated sites and the implementation of various technologies; 2) the policies driving oversight and cleanup of waste products/contaminated sites; and 3) the budget and finance implications of such public infrastructure projects. In addition, the complications surrounding cultural and political norms at a specific site will be addressed. Students should have an basic understanding of public policy analysis. Students should focus on one of the three component areas and conduct initial research for presentation at the beginning of the workshop.

591c: Policy Workshop: Managing Elections in Fragile States
Jeffrey Fischer

Syllabus
Electoral frameworks are composed of various policy elements. Although electoral policy elements can be categorized for examination in different ways, the elements in focus for this workshop are organized as follows: 1) Election Management Bodies (EMBs), Fragile States and the International community; 2) Electoral Operations in Fragile Environments; 3) Electoral Systems and Representation; 4) Marginalized Electorates; 5) Electoral Security and Justice; 6) Political Party Systems; and 7) Electoral Observation and Evaluation.

591d: Policy Workshop: Immigration Reform in the U.S.
Marta Tienda

Syllabus
This workshop will focus on Immigration Reform. Given the timeliness of this topic in the national policy debate, this workshop will most likely prepare a report for use by a Washington, DC, based advocacy organization. Prof. Tienda has significant contacts among such groups, and has previously led a Policy Workshop, and a Policy Taskforce for WWS Undergrads. The client for the 2005 workshop was the Council of the Americas' North American Business Committee, and the report was entitled, 'Effective Worksite Enforcement: A Key Requirement to Reduce Undocumented Immigration.'

591e: Policy Workshop: Managing & Designing Adjustment Programs in Developing Economies
Iqbal Zaidi

Syllabus
This workshop will focus on the design of macroeconomic adjustment programs, monetary policy frameworks, financial crises, capital account liberalization, effectiveness of IMF's multilateral surveillance, and reform of the IMF. We will focus on a country case study, which will serve two main purposes: (i) a systematic ex post assessment of IMF operations in a country; and (ii) investigate in some detail what the case suggests about the IMF's approach to program design, including the structure and relevance of conditionality.

591f: Policy Workshop: How Can We Achieve Total Nuclear Disarmament
Frank von Hippel & Randy Rydell

Syllabus
Every five years there is an NPT Review Conference at which progress in fulfilling this and the other articles of the Treaty are systematically reviewed. The next Review Conference will be held in May 2010. Workshop members will form a task force charged with assessing: costs and benefits of the goal of total nuclear disarmament vs. its alternatives; parallel changes in regional and global security that would be required; advantages and disadvantages of agreeing in advance on a Framework Treaty on Nuclear Disarmament versus the current process of incremental nuclear arms control and reductions.

591g: Policy Workshop: Holding Government to Account: The Case of Andhra Pradesh, India
Jeffrey Hammer

Syllabus
Social Audits', or focus group-style interviews with villagers, are being used by the state of Andhra Pradesh in India to keep track of how well the Rural Employment Guarantee scheme is being implemented. The purpose of this workshop is to explore the possibility of integrating social audits (or, bottom up sources of information) into state directed (top-down) collection of administrative data. We will look at the advantages and disadvantages of social audits and ways in which various sorts of information can be used to both monitor and help local governments in their delivery of essential services.

591h: Policy Workshop: Closing the Evidence Gap: Comparative Effectiveness Research in the U.S.
Lorenzo Moreno

Syllabus
This workshop addresses two questions: (1) How likely is it that the program of comparative effectiveness research will be opposed by the pharmaceutical, medical devices, and disease management industries and what strategies would these industries use for opposing it? and (2) What are the likely unintended consequences of federally-funded comparative effectiveness research on the coverage, reimbursement, and related policies of public health care payers? This workshop would report to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), and the Institute of Medicine.

593b: Policy Analysis: Reproductive Health and Reproductive Rights (Session II)
James Trussell

Syllabus
Examines selected topics in reproductive health, with primary emphasis on contemporary domestic issues in the United States--such as unintended pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infection--but within the context of the international agenda on reproductive rights established in the 1994 Cairo international Conference on Population and development.
 

593c: Policy Analysis: Political Economy of Latin America (Session I)
John Londregan

Syllabus
This course will look at issues in political economy that are particularly salient in Latin America: the establishment and preservation of stable democracy, populism, sovereign debt repayment, free trade agreements, income inequality, education, and narcotics trafficking.  In each area we will look at what the theoretical literature in economics and poliltics has to say about the subject, look at some significant cases in Latin America, and discuss policy implications, both from the perspective of policymakers in Latin America, and from the point of view of policymakers in the rest of the world.  The subjects will knit together by the underlying themes of economic development and sustainable democracy.

593d: Game Theory Analysis (Session II)
John Londregan

Syllabus
This course will present some basics about game theory (and perhaps debunk a few myths fostered by the movie "A Beautiful Mind").  While the course will be designed around the structure of game theoretic models, building from the simple ones to the more sophisticated, at each stage the emphasis will be on applications.  These include models of oligopoly, bargaining, military conflict, legislative voting, and the design of the rules under which to negotiate, vote, or hold an auction.

593e: Policy Analysis: Surveys and Public Policy (Session I)
Ed Freeland

Syllabus
This course aims to improve students' abilities to understand and critically evaluate public opinion polls and surveys, particularly as they are used to influence public policy. The course begins with an overview of contrasting perspectives on the role of public opinion in politics. From here we look at the evolution of public opinion polling in the U.S. and other countries. The class will visit a major polling operation to get a firsthand look at how they actually work. We also examine procedures used for designing representative samples and conducting surveys by telephone, mail and the Internet. Students will have the option to (1) write a critical evaluation of a survey or set of surveys related to a particular issue, or (2) design and pretest a questionnaire on a topic that is of interest to them. 

593f: Microfinance (Session II)
Kate McKee and Jennifer Isern

Syllabus
Worldwide, only one in five people have access to a basic account in a formal financial institution including banks, credit unions, microfinance institutions (MFIs), or other providers of financial services.   This course explores 1) why access to finance matters for poverty reduction and economic growth in developing countries and emerging markets and 2) the latest evidence and experience on how to promote access to finance.

Access to finance includes the full range of services relevant to low-income people and households including deposits, money transfers, remittances, various types of loans, and insurance.   Financial service providers include formal financial institutions plus companies that are not financial institutions at all but are increasingly important providers of basic financial services, such as telecommunication companies providing mobile banking, post offices, and retail stores.   

The course addresses the development challenges facing financial service providers, funders, and government policy makers seeking to expand access in sustainable ways.   It will provide participants with an overview of the field, current controversies, and analytic frameworks and skills for assessing the roles of different stakeholders. 

The course will be interactive and based on cases, student presentations and class discussions.   Starting with a short overview of the history and key actors in microfinance, the course will then focus on MFI appraisal techniques, designing relevant products for diverse client markets, appropriate policy responses to regulate and supervise institutions and protect clients, and approaches to increase the effectiveness of funding on access to finance.   For the last session, an optional panel discussion with experts will be organized in Washington in early January 2009 on future trends in access to finance.   By the end of the course, participants will have a solid foundation of the key players and issues in access to finance globally.  

(Instructors are both of C-GAP. Kate McKee was previously the Director of the Office of Microenterprise Development at the U.S. Agency for International Development from 1998 - 2006.) 

593g: Social Security Reforms (Session I)
Eytan Sheshinski

Syllabus
This course will review the context for Social Security reforms: the aging crisis, declining trends in mortality and fertillity, and changing patterns of labor force participation.  We will also review the core purposes of pension systems and design issues such as defined benefit vs. defined contribution and notional defined contribution.  Finally, we will explore the policy responses to the current crisis and some country reform cases: UK, Chile and China.

593i: Policy Analysis: The Federal Budget (Session I)
J. Klumpner

Syllabus
This course will cover how the Federal budget process is supposed to work and how it actually does work. Topics will include: (1) institutions, processes, and definitions; (2) history of budget outcomes; (3) the current state of the Federal budget process; (4) the role of uncertainty in budgeting; (4) the role of politics in budgeting; and (5) the budget's short- and long-term fiscal consequences. Students will be required to submit at least one short memo during the course and one research paper at the end of the course.
 

593j: Policy Analysis: State and Local Finance (Session II)
R. Keevey

Syllabus
Course examines budgeting and finance at the state and local level of government. Topics include: budget structure and process; decision makers within the political and economic environment; debt, capital planning and bond financing; revenue structures supporting expenditures. Tax policy and associated tradeoffs between tax equity and efficiency and spending and program needs are also examined. Two case studies are utilized---one related to state and local tax policy and one related to budgetary decision-making.
 

595: PhD Seminar: Political Analysis for Policy Research
Amy Lerman

Syllabus
In order to be effective, analysts and advocates, public policy researchers require a sophisticated understanding of policy formation and implementation in domestic, foreign, and international settings. This course reviews current models of public policy formation and implementation and their application to issues frequently faced by policy researchers.
 

599: Research Ethics and Scientific Integrity (Session I) 
Harold Shapiro 

Syllabus
Examines the ethical issues arising in the context of scientific research.  Evaluates the role and responsibilities of professional researchers in dealing with plagiarism, fraud, conflict over authorial credit, and ownership of data.  In addition, it undertakes a broader inquiry into conceptions of professional integrity, and the responsibilities that scientists have to their research subjects, to their students and apprentices, as well as to society at large.